Russian East Arctic Studies

RUSSIAN EAST ARCTIC STUDIES
Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practice Conference
The event has ended with the fruitful works done by the scholars of the region. Among more than 130 participants who uploaded their articles for the Conference there were some that dealt with the issues of developing of Arctic recourses as well as the analysis of enterprises working in the conditions of deficiencies of the North infrastructure. Therefore, discussions in this book include socio-cultural changes and conservation issues, which are mainly related to the economic development potential of the Arctic region, and suggest remedies and problem-solving measures using laws and systems.

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CHAPTER 1
CONTEMPORARY ISSUES OF RUSSIAN EAST ARCTIC SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT

PROSPECTS OF ENERGY SECURITY OF ARCTIC DISTRICTS OF THE SAKHA REPUBLIC (YAKUTIA) ON THE BASIS OF HYDROCARBON

Mariia Ivanovna Sleptsova
Candidate of Sciences in Techniques, Senior Researcher, Institute of Problems of Oil and Gas, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences msleptsova@mail.ru

Abstract.
The territory of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is the richest resource base in the east of the Russian Federation. The subsoil resources concentrated here are of key importance in the development of the economy of the whole country. The long-term forecast of socio-economic development of the republic is based on the prevailing role of mineral-raw materials and fuel and energy complexes in the economy of the republic in the long term, its strengthening due to increased production and exports, primarily energy types of raw materials (oil, gas, coal), and development of transport and energy infrastructure.
One of the important tasks of modern Russia is the development of the Arctic, since it concentrates huge reserves of strategic resources. The assessment of the resource base of oil and gas of the Arctic shelf of Russia. Volumes of seismic exploration work, their density, the number of identified local objects in the considered territory in comparison with other seas of the Russian Arctic are given.
13 regions of the republic belong to the Arctic. They are characterized by the unity of climatic, geocryological, hydrohydrographic and economic conditions. The climate is very severe, the duration of the heating period is 320-360 days a year. 68.16 thousand people live on 1620.6 square meters. m. The population density of 42.1 people per 1000 square meters. Km. The total volume of demand for oil products is 206.062 thousand tons.
In the Arctic regions of Yakutia, there are 155 heat supply facilities, of which with a capacity of up to 3 Gcal / hour are 52, from 3 to 20 Gcal / hour – 100 and from 20 to 100 Gcal / hour – 3. Out of the 155 heat supply facilities, 83 work on solid fuel and 72 liquid.
The most likely way to optimize the technical and energy balance in the Arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in the coming years may be related to the development of local sources of hydrocarbon raw materials. The features of the geological structure, oil and gas conditions, a preliminary assessment of the hydrocarbon potential and the degree of geological and geophysical knowledge are considered.
In the eastern group of the arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia], the prospects for oil and gas potential are associated only with certain territories, including the large intermountain Indigiro-Zyryansky deflection, as well as with a number of depressions opened in the direction of the East Siberian Sea shelf (Tastakhdeflection, Ust-Yanskaya and Nizhnekolymsky depressions).
The heat and power problem of the arctic districts can be solved by developing local sources of hydrocarbon resources.
The development project of a small field with the aim of supplying petroleum products to the needs of heat supply to the northern regions of the republic will pay for itself taking into account all costs on the horizon of 10-15 years. The state in this case will save up to half of the budget funds spent. The prospecting and discovery of projected hydrocarbon deposits in the immediate vicinity of potential consumers will significantly optimize the fuel and energy balances of the Arctic and northern regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

Keywords: the Arctic, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), hydrocarbons, energy supply, oil, gas, forecast resources

I. Introduction
According to the unique wealth of mineral resources and a wide variety of minerals, the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is generally recognized as the only region in Russia and one of the few territories in the world. The explored reserves of many minerals that play a leading role in the world economy (diamonds, gold, coal, oil, gas, etc.), in the process of their long-term development, provide a decent level of social and economic development of the republic and unlimited opportunities for its further growth. As a result, the mineral resource complex and information about it are deservedly a kind of business card of the republic.
The location of deposits of various types of minerals is controlled by modern geological conditions and processes of the paleogeological development of specific territories. Within the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), according to these data, the eastern part of the Siberian Platform is allocated, covering the whole of Western Yakutia. In the east of the republic there are mainly mountain buildings of the Verkhoyansk-Kolyma folded system. Taking into account the conditions for the formation of minerals, which are the main energy carriers (oil, gas, coal, oil shale, etc.), their placement in the republic is quite naturally due to platform territories. At the same time, there are definite prospects with regard to the availability of these minerals in the east of Yakutia, where it is forecasted (oil, gas) in intermontane depressions and deflections.
Taking into account the presence in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) of a large raw hydrocarbon base for the oil and gas industry and huge reserves for further accelerated growth of proven reserves of oil and gas, as well as the republic’s leading role in the implementation of federal oil and gas megaprojects, including the long-term planned filling of existing main oil pipelines with hydrocarbon raw materials Eastern Siberia-Pacific Ocean, and the only pipeline built The Power of Siberia, The Government of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has repeatedly appealed to the Federal Agency for Subsoil Use (Rosnedra) with a request to significantly increase funding and significantly expand the geography of geological exploration in the country.